How are penetration and softening point tests carried out?

As the penetration and softening point tests are empirically derived it is essential that they are always carried out under exactly the same conditions. The Institute of Petroleum (IP), the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). and British Standards (BS) publish standard methods for testing bitumen.

Which is the ISO standard for hypodermic needles?

Hypodermic needles specified in this International Standard are intended for use with syringes having a 6 % Luer conical fitting as specified in ISO 80369-7 in conjunction with ISO 80369-1 and ISO 80369-20.

What are small bore connectors for hypodermic needles?

ISO 80369-7 3, Small-bore connectors for liquids and gases in healthcare applications ? Part 7: Connectors with 6% (Luer) taper for intravascular or hypodermic applications ISO 80369-20, Small-bore connectors for liquids and gases in healthcare applications ? Part 20: Common test methods 1 Upon its publication, ISO 80369-7 will replace ISO 594-1.

What should the temperature be for a penetration test?

The test should be conducted at a specified temperature of 25 C. It may be noted that penetration value is largely influenced by any inaccuracy with regards to pouring temperature, size of the needle, weight placed on the needle and the test temperature.

What kind of material is used for needles?

Plastics materials to be used for the construction of needles are not specified, as their selection will depend to some extent upon the design, process of manufacture and method of sterilization employed by individual manufacturers.

What makes the North Pole of a compass needle magnetic?

The north pole of a compass needle is attracted to the south magnetic pole of Earth, which is located near the geographic South Pole of Earth. Only certain materials, such as iron, cobalt, nickel, and gadolinium, exhibit strong magnetic effects. Such materials are called ferromagnetic, after the Latin word ferrum for iron.